Wahi a EPA (ka Environmental Protection Agency in the United States) Activated Carbon ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻenehana kānana i ʻōlelo ʻia e wehe
- nā 32 mea haumia i ʻike ʻia me nā THM (nā huahana mai ka chlorine).
- ʻO nā pesticides a pau i helu ʻia he 14 (ʻo ia nā nitrates a me nā pesticides e like me ka glyphosate i kapa ʻia ʻo roundup)
- ka 12 mau lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau.
ʻO kēia nā mea haumia kikoʻī a me nā kemika ʻē aʻe e hoʻoneʻe ʻia e nā kānana lanahu.
Klorine (Cl)
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka wai paipu lehulehu ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau ua hoʻoponopono nui ʻia, hoʻāʻo ʻia a hōʻoia ʻia no ka inu ʻana.Eia nō naʻe, i mea e palekana ai, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka chlorine i mea e ʻono ai a honi.He maikaʻi nā kānana Carbon Activated i ka wehe ʻana i ka chlorine a me ka ʻono maikaʻi ʻole a me ka ʻala.Hiki ke wehe i nā kānana kalapona hoʻāla kiʻekiʻe95% a ʻoi aku paha o ka chlorine manuahi.
No nā kikoʻī hou aku e pili ana i kēia heluhelu e pili anahuina pau a me ka manuahi.
ʻAʻole pono e huikau ʻo Chlorine me Chloride he mineral i hui pū ʻia me ka sodium a me ka calcium.Hiki ke piʻi iki ka Chloride i ka wā e kānana ʻia ai ka wai me ke kalapona hoʻā.
ʻO nā huahana ʻelua o ka klorine
ʻO ka manaʻo nui loa e pili ana i ka wai paipa ʻia nā huahana by-products (VOCs) mai ka chlorine e like me THM i ʻike ʻia he maʻi kanesa.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kalapona hoʻāla ʻia ma mua o nā ʻenehana kānana ʻē aʻe i ka wehe ʻana i kēia mau mea.Wahi a EPA, hoʻoneʻe ia i nā huahana chlorine maʻamau 32.ʻO ka helu maʻamau i ana ʻia ma nā hōʻike wai paipa ka huina THM.
Klorida (Cl-)
ʻO Chloride kahi mineral maoli e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o ke koko, ke koko, a me ka pH o nā wai kino.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nui o ka Chloride i loko o ka wai hiki ke kumu i ka ʻono paʻakai.ʻO Chloride kahi mea kūlohelohe o ka wai paipu me ka ʻole o nā ʻano olakino maikaʻi ʻole.He ʻāpana ia o ke kaʻina hana chlorination o ka inu ʻana i ka wai mai nā maʻi bacteria a me nā maʻi ʻino.ʻAʻole pono e kānana a wehe ʻia akā hoʻemi ʻia ka carbon activated i ka chloride e 50-70%.I nā hihia kūikawā hiki ke hoʻonui maoli ka chloride.
Pesticides
ʻO nā lāʻau pesticides nā mea i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomalu i nā mea ʻino, me nā mauʻu i pau i ka wai o ka lepo, nā loko, nā muliwai, nā moana a i kekahi manawa ke kīwī i ka wai me ka mālama ʻana.Hoʻāʻo ʻia ka Carbon Activated e wehe i nā pesticides maʻamau he 14 me Chlordane, Chlordecone (CLD/Kepone), Glyphosate (Round-up), Heptachlor, a me Lindane.Hoʻopili pū kēia me ka Nitrate (e nānā ma lalo).
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻO nā herbicides i ʻike mau ʻia he weedkillers, he mau mea i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomalu i nā mea kanu makemake ʻole.Hoʻāʻo ʻia ka Carbon Activated e wehe i 12 o nā herbicide maʻamau me 2,4-D a me Atrazine.
Nūkini (NO32-)
ʻO ka Nitrate kekahi o nā mea nui loa no nā mea kanu.He kumu waiwai ia o ka Nitrogen, he mea nui ia no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.ʻAʻohe hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka Nitrate i nā pākeke ke ʻole ka nui loa.Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka nui o ka Nitrate i ka wai ke hoʻoulu i ka Methemoglobinemia, a i ʻole ka maʻi "pēpē uliuli" (Lack of oxygen).
ʻO ka Nitrate i loko o ka wai paila ka mea mua mai nā mea kanu, nā ʻōnaehana septic, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā manure a i ʻole nā hana hoʻolaha.Hoʻemi maʻamau ka carbon activated i ka nitrate e 50-70% ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka kānana.
PFOS
ʻO ka PFOS kahi kemika synthetic i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka laʻana i ka huʻi ahi, ka hoʻoheheʻe metala a me nā mea hoʻopale.I loko o nā makahiki ua hoʻopau ʻia i loko o ke kaiapuni a me ka inu ʻana i nā kumu wai me kekahi mau hanana nui ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻEulopa.Wahi a kahi noiʻi 2002 e ka Environmental Directorate o ka OECD "ʻO ka PFOS ke hoʻomau nei, bioaccumulative a ʻona i nā ʻano mammalian."Ua ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ka Carbon Activatedwehe i ka PFOS me PFAS, PFOA a me PFNA.
Phosphate (PO43-)
Pono ka Phosphate, e like me ka nitrate, no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.ʻO ka Phosphate kahi mea hoʻopaneʻe ikaika.ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka Phosphate i nā pilikia olakino no ke kanaka.Hoʻohui pinepine nā ʻōnaehana wai lehulehu (PWS) i nā phosphates i ka wai inu e pale ai i ka hoʻolele ʻana o ke kēpau a me ke keleawe mai nā paipu a me nā mea paʻa.Hoʻopau maʻamau nā kānana lanahu kiʻekiʻe i ka 70-90% o nā phosphates.
Lithium (Li+)
Loaʻa maoli ka Lithium i ka wai inu.ʻOiai aia ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka Lithium he mea antidepressant maoli.ʻAʻole ia i hōʻike i nā hopena ʻino i ke kino o ke kanaka.Hiki ke loaʻa ka Lithium i loko o ka wai brine continental, nā wai geothermal, a me nā brines māla aila.ʻO nā kānana lanahu e like me ka wai TAPP e hoʻemi i ka 70-90% o kēia mea.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hopena i ka hoʻokuʻu mau ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me kā lākou metabolites i loko o ka wai ʻino.Ke hōʻike nei nā ʻike i kēia manawa he mea hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka wai inu e hopena i nā pōʻino maikaʻi ʻole i ke olakino kanaka, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka wai inu he mau kauoha o ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka palena liʻiliʻi therapeutic. .Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o nā kumu wai i nā effluent mai nā hale hana hana ʻino ʻole ʻia a i ʻole nā mea hana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea pili i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau.ʻO nā kānana poloka kalapona kiʻekiʻe e like me EcoPro e wehe i ka 95% o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Microplastics
ʻO ka microplastics ka hopena o ka ʻōpala plastik ma nā ʻano kumu like ʻole.ʻO ka hopena pololei o nā microplastics i ke olakino kanaka paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo no nā kumu like ʻole.Nui nā ʻano plastics, a me nā mea hoʻohui kemika ʻē aʻe i loaʻa a ʻaʻole paha.Ke komo ka ʻōpala plastik
nā ala wai, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa e like me nā mea kūlohelohe.Akā, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukuna o ka lā, ka pane ʻana i ka oxygen, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana mai nā mea kino e like me nā nalu a me ke one e wāwahi ʻia ai nā ʻōpala plastik i mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.ʻO ka microplastics liʻiliʻi loa i ʻike ʻia i nā hōʻike lehulehu he 2.6 micron.Hoʻopau ka pahu kalapona 2 micron e like me EcoPro i nā microplastics a pau ma mua o 2-microns.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-27-2022